Camcorders are video cameras that are portable and can record images and sound. Recording is done in some media, digital or tape based. They have existed since the 1980’s with technological changes happening in the 2000’s.
The earliest camcorders used to record to either VHS or Betamax tapes that allowed for convenient playback in video players. They were bulky but quite popular to record family events
In the late 1980’s the camcorders shrank in size. VHS-C tapes were developed which were very small in size but could hold only 40 minute of video. The second innovation was 8 mm tapes. They were much smaller in size than VHS . Though it could support 2 hours of video.
By late 1990’s, most camcorders had shifted to a digital format called Mini DV. The popularity of Mini DV was because of its affordable price tag, excellent quality of video and easy to edit features. The video can be copied to a DVD. The size is much smaller than conventional VHS tapes. A disadvantage is that you cannot locate a particular point during the video, not even by forwarding nor rewinding.
Digital8 camcorders are a different digital alternative to traditional types. They do not have the same utilities as Mini DV technology but are capable of running 8mm tapes. So it is a good way to upgrade from an 8mm setup already in place.
With rising affordability and portability, new varieties of digital camcorders have become popular.
DVD camcorders consist of digital based camcorders that use an in built DVD recorder to record footage directly to DVD media. They have become immensely popular due to affordability and portability.
Flash Camcorders use flash memory to store video. However this memory becomes very small with any thing exceeding 2 GB being ridiculously expensive. So these have not caught up in sales.
Hard drive based machines use internal hard drive to save video. They enjoy the benefit of not using external media and allows for direct copying of video to a hard disk without the intervention of a computer. But for long recordings, this poses a problem as once the hard drive is exhausted, you will require a P.C. to save the initial footage to shoot the latter footage.
The latest in the market are the HDV Camcorders. It produces best quality High definition Video. These are the most expensive models today.